How to eat with diabetes?

Diets for diabetics 

If you are someone who struggles with elevated levels of sugar, you can eat fruit, but in smaller quantities than vegetables, and not all of them, because they contain more sugar.

Fruits such as grapefruit, lemon, watermelon, melons, strawberries or cranberries are effective in reducing blood sugar and contain only 2 to 5% carbohydrates. The fruits, which constitute an excessive burden for the diseased pancreas and should be avoided are, eg.: grapes, bananas, plums, greengage, as well as dried fruits (including more than 10% carbohydrates.

The basis of the diet of a person who is sick with diabetes are grain products. They are a rich source of B vitamins, especially B1, B2 and B6. They influence carbohydrate metabolism and facilitate the conversion of the glucose into energy.

Cereal products are also a source of starch and contain quite a lot of fiber, and they are called. sugars slowly digested and lowering blood sugar.

Daily menu of a diabetic should not miss: whole-wheat and whole-grain bread, graham, brown rice, coarse groats (hulled) and buckwheat, flakes and bran (oat and barley).

What lipids in diabetes?

Margarine: it consists of good health unsaturated fats. However, it contains harmful trans - fats that promote, among others, diabetes. Daily allowance is approx. 30 g.

Butter: It contains no artificial additives. It is the source of vitamin A, which is needed for healthy eyes. It has a lot of calories and increases cholesterol levels. Daily dose - not more than 20 grams.

Mix margarine and butter: May contain trans unfavorable. The softer, the better. The daily serving is 40 grams.

How to recognize diabetes?

1. Fasting glucose:

less than 100 mg / dl - the norm;
100-125 mg / dL - impaired glucose metabolism (pre-diabetes);
equal to or greater than 126 mg / dl - diabetes.

2. DTTG:

less than 140 mg / dl - the norm;
140-199 mg / dL - pre-diabetes;
equal to or greater than 200 mg / dl - diabetes.

3. Glucose contingent marked at any time of the day (equal to or above 200 mg / dL and hyperglycemia symptoms, eg. thirst).

Symptoms of diabetes

• increased thirst;
• frequent urination;
• increased appetite (weight loss in type 1 diabetes);
• fatigue and sleepiness;
• nausea;
• vomiting;
• abdominal pain (especially in children);
• blurred vision;
• immunosuppression (difficult to cure infections);
• numbness, tingling and pain in the feet;
• erectile dysfunction in men;
• menstrual disorders (amenorrhoea inclusive) in women;
• tachypnea (for ketoacidosis);
• disturbances of consciousness (in the case of severe hyperglycemia).

Diabetes in children

This disease is the most common chronic disease that occurs before age 18.

Every year, young people incidence of type 2 diabetes is growing by 3%. Currently, 40-50% of cases of diabetes among children is type 2 diabetes cases.

Complications of diabetes

1. Diabetic retinopathy: develops when they are damaged vessels that nourish the retina. The disease leads to progressive damage and blindness.

2. Complications of cardiovascular system: People with diabetes are passed three times more likely than other heart attack, stroke or peripheral arterial disease.

3. Diabetic nephropathy: they are progressive changes in the kidneys, which leads to renal insufficiency.

4. Diabetic foot: it is dangerous complication where are damaged blood vessels and nerve fibers of the lower limbs. Consequently, the tissues become highly susceptible to damage and infection. Wounds heal worse than normal, affected the feeling in the feet, the skin has a tendency to crack, and the bones may become deformed.

Remember! Untreated diabetic foot amputation ends.